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This module defines names for some object types that are used by the standard Python
interpreter, but not for the types defined by various extension modules. Also, it does not
include some of the types that arise during processing such the listiterator
type. It is safe to use "from types import *" -- the module
does not export any names besides the ones listed here. New names exported by future versions
of this module will all end in "Type".
Typical use is for functions that do different things depending on their argument types,
like the following:
from types import *
def delete(mylist, item):
if type(item) is IntType:
del mylist[item]
else:
mylist.remove(item)
Starting in Python 2.2, built-in factory functions such as int()
and str() are also names for the corresponding types. This is now
the preferred way to access the type instead of using the types
module. Accordingly, the example above should be written as follows:
def delete(mylist, item):
if isinstance(item, int):
del mylist[item]
else:
mylist.remove(item)
The module defines the following names:
- NoneType
- The type of
None.
- TypeType
- The type of type objects (such as returned by type()
).
- BooleanType
- The type of the bool values
True and False;
this is an alias of the built-in bool() function. New in version 2.3.
- IntType
- The type of integers (e.g.
1).
- LongType
- The type of long integers (e.g.
1L).
- FloatType
- The type of floating point numbers (e.g.
1.0).
- ComplexType
- The type of complex numbers (e.g.
1.0j). This is not defined if Python was
built without complex number support.
- StringType
- The type of character strings (e.g.
'Spam').
- UnicodeType
- The type of Unicode character strings (e.g.
u'Spam'). This is not defined
if Python was built without Unicode support.
- TupleType
- The type of tuples (e.g.
(1, 2, 3, 'Spam')).
- ListType
- The type of lists (e.g.
[0, 1, 2, 3]).
- DictType
- The type of dictionaries (e.g.
{'Bacon': 1, 'Ham': 0}).
- DictionaryType
- An alternate name for
DictType.
- FunctionType
- The type of user-defined functions and lambdas.
- LambdaType
- An alternate name for
FunctionType.
- GeneratorType
- The type of generator-iterator objects, produced by calling a generator function. New in version 2.2.
- CodeType
- The type for code objects such as returned by compile()
.
- ClassType
- The type of user-defined classes.
- InstanceType
- The type of instances of user-defined classes.
- MethodType
- The type of methods of user-defined class instances.
- UnboundMethodType
- An alternate name for
MethodType.
- BuiltinFunctionType
- The type of built-in functions like len() or sys.exit().
- BuiltinMethodType
- An alternate name for
BuiltinFunction.
- ModuleType
- The type of modules.
- FileType
- The type of open file objects such as
sys.stdout.
- XRangeType
- The type of range objects returned by xrange()
.
- SliceType
- The type of objects returned by slice()
.
- EllipsisType
- The type of
Ellipsis.
- TracebackType
- The type of traceback objects such as found in
sys.exc_traceback.
- FrameType
- The type of frame objects such as found in
tb.tb_frame if tb
is a traceback object.
- BufferType
- The type of buffer objects created by the buffer()
function.
- StringTypes
- A sequence containing
StringType and UnicodeType used to
facilitate easier checking for any string object. Using this is more portable than using a
sequence of the two string types constructed elsewhere since it only contains UnicodeType
if it has been built in the running version of Python. For example: isinstance(s,
types.StringTypes). New in version 2.2.
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